Products related to Referendum:
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Government by Referendum
Referendums are ubiquitous; from Brexit in the United Kingdom in 2016 to same-sex marriage in Australia in 2017 Why are referendums held at all? And when they are held, why are they won or lost? Moreover, what are the consequences of having referendums?Do they strengthen or weaken democracy? Are they mainly won or mainly lost or do they strengthen populist leaders? Or, are referendums a shield against demagogues and overeager politicians?Government by Referendum analyses why politicians sometime submit issues to the people Based on an historical analysis, but with an emphasis on the last two decades, the book shows that referendums often have been lost by powerful politicians.While sometimes used by autocrats, mechanisms of direct democracy have increasingly performed the function of democratic constitutional safeguards in developed democracies. -- .
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Moroccan Constitutional Referendum, 1972
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Framing Referendum Campaigns in the News
This book discusses the framing of referendum campaigns in the news media, focusing particularly on the case of the 2014 Scottish independence referendum.Using a comprehensive content analysis of print and broadcast coverage as well as in-depth interviews with broadcast journalists and their sources during this campaign, it provides an account of how journalists construct the frames that define their coverage of contested political campaigns.It views the mediation process from the perspective of those who participate directly in it, namely journalists and political communicators.It puts forward an original theoretical model to account for frame building in the context of referendums in Western media systems, using insights from this and from other cases.The book makes an original contribution to the study of media frames during referendums and is key reading for scholars and students interested in journalism, the processes of political communication and the mediation of politics. -- .
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Management, Leadership and Entrepreneurship in Pharmacy
Management, Leadership and Entrepreneurship in Pharmacy provides the knowledge, skills and confidence to assume managerial and leadership roles throughout the pharmacy profession, and to unleash full entrepreneurial potential.It brings the principles of managerial sciences to the practice of pharmacy in diverse and modern day settings. The new book is split into four sections, the first focuses on the core concepts that apply to managers, leaders and entrepreneurs including emotional intelligence and conflict management. Section two summarises managerial competencies including traditional topics of inventory management and financial literacy, but also subjects such as workplace design and workflow management. Section three focuses on leadership competencies that transcend day-to-day managerial responsibilities such as leading change and addressing ‘wicked’ problems (such as sustainability). Section four focuses on innovation and entrepreneurship, exploring topics such as the psychology of innovation, business planning and networking. The book contains helpful, supportive examples and useful resources all designed to empower, support and motivate the next generation of managers, leaders and entrepreneurs in pharmacy.
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Is a citizens' initiative the same as a citizens' referendum?
No, a citizens' initiative and a citizens' referendum are not the same. A citizens' initiative allows citizens to propose new laws or changes to existing laws by collecting a certain number of signatures to put the issue on the ballot for a vote. On the other hand, a citizens' referendum allows citizens to challenge a law passed by the government by collecting signatures to put the law to a vote for approval or rejection. Both mechanisms involve citizen participation in the legislative process, but they serve different purposes.
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What is the difference between a popular initiative and a referendum?
A popular initiative is a process where citizens can propose new laws or amendments to the constitution, while a referendum is a direct vote by the electorate on a specific proposal or issue. In a popular initiative, citizens can actively initiate the legislative process by collecting signatures to put a proposal on the ballot, whereas a referendum is typically initiated by the government or legislature. Both processes involve direct participation of the citizens in decision-making, but they differ in terms of who initiates the proposal and the scope of the decision-making power given to the citizens.
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What is the difference between a referendum and a citizens' initiative?
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal. This can be initiated by the government or by a certain number of citizens through a petition. On the other hand, a citizens' initiative is a process by which a certain number of citizens can propose a new law or constitutional amendment and have it put to a vote. In this case, the initiative is initiated and driven by the citizens, rather than the government. Both processes involve direct participation of the citizens in decision-making, but the key difference lies in who initiates the proposal.
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What is the difference between a referendum and a popular initiative?
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal, such as a law or constitutional amendment, that has been passed by the legislature. On the other hand, a popular initiative is a process by which citizens can propose new laws or amendments to the constitution by collecting a certain number of signatures and then submitting the proposal to a vote. In summary, a referendum is a vote on a proposal that has already been passed by the legislature, while a popular initiative is a way for citizens to propose new laws or amendments directly.
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Leadership and Strategic Management : Decision-Making in Times of Change
Managers are facing unprecedented complexity, volatility, and ambiguity, quickly adapting their decision-making, leadership, vision, and strategies.Megatrends and forces of change have profound implications for business models, processes, and organizational structures, calling into question current paradigms and designing future change.Additionally, unprecedented disruptions, unforecastable in their nature, have increased the need for resilience and strategic flexibility. The book aims at tackling the potential interrelations among environmental transformations, strategic decisions, and leadership to better understand the role of external and internal factors on the effectiveness of managers.The book defines “change”: its extent, nature, and characteristics.Then, it focuses on decision-making, the role of potential cognitive biases, and how the interaction with the perception of determined environmental events affects the way in which decision-makers decide to implement specific strategies.Finally, in the light of waves of strategic change, it reviews theories on leadership and transformation by looking at the role and traits of leaders. Since environmental transformations have the potential to “disrupt” not only strategies but also decision-making processes and leadership, the book provides a review on the issue and propose an integrative framework which can be useful for both scholars and managers, especially in the fields of decision-making and strategy.
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The 5% Rule of Leadership : Using Lean Decision-Making to Drive Trust, Ownership, and Team Productivity
NATIONAL BESTSELLERMaintain focus on the first, critical 5% of any project and multiply your results In The 5% Rule of Leadership: Using Lean Decision-Making to Drive Trust, Ownership, and Team Productivity, veteran technology leader and executive Anil Singhal delivers a transformative approach to project management and company leadership.He explains how to focus your efforts on the first, critical stages of any project or initiative to multiply your results and efficacy, delegating the rest to their capable team. The book is a blueprint for building resilient organizations, departments, teams, and projects that can withstand today's unpredictable and volatile environment.You'll learn to avoid micromanagement and maintain your focus on the big, strategic picture, while a well-managed team brings you the results you need. You'll also find: Strategies for determining how to properly set priorities and satisfy employees, customers, and shareholdersTechniques for building trust amongst your workforce, your leadership, and other stakeholdersMyth-busting advice that blows up misleading and counterproductive habits held by businesspeople and leaders around the world Perfect for managers, directors, executives, entrepreneurs, founders, and other business leaders, The 5% Rule of Leadership will be invaluable to anyone who wants to lead with values and purpose—and deliver remarkable results.
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Front-Page Scotland : Newspapers and the Scottish Independence Referendum
This book provides a varied, thorough and informative analysis of how newspapers covered the 2014 Scottish independence referendum in its critical final months.Providing a wealth of new empirical findings, the book engages with the key themes and issues presented by a variety of newspaper outlets.These main observations include: a major focus on the economic aspects of the debate; persistent concerns regarding an independent Scotland’s prospects on the world stage, both militarily and strategically; the re-emergence of Gordon Brown as a political heavyweight; and a myopic focus on Alex Salmond, who would come to be framed as personally synonymous with the abstract concept of Scottish independence. The book will be the first point of contact for readers interested in the subject, providing an overview which is meticulously researched, authoritative and engaging, and offering broader insights in the areas of journalism, political communication and media studies.
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Front-Page Scotland : Newspapers and the Scottish Independence Referendum
This book provides a varied, thorough and informative analysis of how newspapers covered the 2014 Scottish independence referendum in its critical final months.Providing a wealth of new empirical findings, the book engages with the key themes and issues presented by a variety of newspaper outlets.These main observations include: a major focus on the economic aspects of the debate; persistent concerns regarding an independent Scotland’s prospects on the world stage, both militarily and strategically; the re-emergence of Gordon Brown as a political heavyweight; and a myopic focus on Alex Salmond, who would come to be framed as personally synonymous with the abstract concept of Scottish independence. The book will be the first point of contact for readers interested in the subject, providing an overview which is meticulously researched, authoritative and engaging, and offering broader insights in the areas of journalism, political communication and media studies.
Price: 18.99 £ | Shipping*: 3.99 £
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Why is there no referendum in Germany?
There is no provision for a national referendum in the German constitution, as the country's political system is based on representative democracy. Instead of direct democracy through referendums, decisions are made by elected representatives in the Bundestag (federal parliament) and the Bundesrat (federal council). The lack of a national referendum also reflects the historical context of Germany, where direct democracy was not a prominent feature in the post-World War II political system. Additionally, the German government and legal system prioritize the role of political parties and elected officials in making decisions on behalf of the people.
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Will the referendum in Berlin be repeated?
It is unlikely that the referendum in Berlin will be repeated. The referendum process is typically a one-time opportunity for citizens to voice their opinion on a specific issue. Unless there are significant irregularities or legal challenges that warrant a repeat of the referendum, it is unlikely to be held again. The outcome of the referendum will likely be respected and implemented by the relevant authorities.
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Which federal states have sole decision-making authority?
In a federal system like the United States, federal states that have sole decision-making authority are often referred to as "unitary states." In these states, the central government holds all decision-making power and delegates limited authority to lower levels of government. Examples of unitary states include France, Japan, and the United Kingdom, where the central government has the final say on most policy matters. This centralized system contrasts with federal states like the U.S. and Germany, where power is shared between the central government and individual states or regions.
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What does it mean when a referendum takes place?
A referendum is a direct vote in which the entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. It is a way for citizens to express their opinion on a specific issue or decision. The outcome of a referendum is usually binding, meaning that the decision made by the majority of voters must be implemented by the government. Referendums are often used to decide on important issues such as changes to the constitution, major policy decisions, or territorial disputes.
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